how to grow loquat tree from seeds

Everly

3 min read

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23-01-2025

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Loquats (Eriobotrya japonica) are beautiful, rewarding trees bearing sweet, fragrant fruit. While propagation through cuttings is faster, growing a loquat from seed offers a unique and fulfilling experience. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process, from seed collection to transplanting your young loquat tree.

Getting Started: Seed Collection and Preparation

1. Harvesting Loquat Seeds: The first step is obtaining viable loquat seeds. The best time to collect them is after the fruit has fully ripened and softened. Choose ripe, healthy fruit, and carefully extract the seeds. Rinse them thoroughly under cool water to remove any remaining pulp.

2. Seed Scarification (Optional but Recommended): Loquat seeds have a hard outer shell that can hinder germination. Seed scarification helps to break this shell, improving germination rates. Gently nick the seed coat with a sharp knife or file, being careful not to damage the seed embryo inside. Alternatively, you can soak the seeds in warm water for 24-48 hours to soften the shell.

3. Choosing Your Planting Medium: Select a well-draining seed-starting mix. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite works well. Avoid using garden soil directly as it can be too dense and retain too much moisture, leading to seed rot.

Planting Your Loquat Seeds

1. Sowing the Seeds: Fill small pots or seed trays with your chosen planting medium. Plant the seeds about ½ inch deep, spacing them appropriately to allow for growth. Gently firm the soil around each seed.

2. Watering and Moisture: Water the seeds thoroughly after planting, ensuring the soil is moist but not waterlogged. Maintain consistent moisture levels throughout the germination process. A humidity dome or plastic bag can help retain moisture.

3. Providing Light and Temperature: Place your planted seeds in a warm location with bright, indirect sunlight. Ideal temperatures range from 65-75°F (18-24°C). Avoid direct sunlight, which can scorch the delicate seedlings.

Germination and Seedling Care

1. Germination Time: Loquat seeds typically germinate within 2-6 weeks, but it can take longer. Be patient and continue to maintain consistent moisture levels.

2. Thinning Seedlings: Once the seedlings have developed their first few sets of true leaves (not the cotyledons), it's time to thin them. Remove the weaker seedlings, leaving only the strongest one or two per pot. This gives each seedling ample space to grow.

3. Transplanting Seedlings: Once the seedlings have several leaves and are a few inches tall, they can be carefully transplanted into larger containers. Use a good quality potting mix that drains well. Continue to provide bright, indirect sunlight and regular watering.

Growing Your Loquat Tree

1. Hardening Off: Before planting your loquat tree outdoors, gradually acclimate it to outdoor conditions. This process, known as hardening off, reduces transplant shock and improves the tree's chances of survival. Start by placing the tree outdoors for short periods, gradually increasing the exposure time over several days.

2. Choosing a Planting Location: Loquats prefer full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. Protect them from strong winds. They can tolerate a wide range of soil types but thrive in slightly acidic to neutral pH levels.

3. Transplanting to the Ground: Once your loquat sapling is strong and established, carefully transplant it into its permanent location in the ground. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball and gently place the sapling in the hole. Backfill with soil, ensuring that the root flare (where the trunk meets the roots) is level with the soil surface.

Troubleshooting and Common Issues

Q: My loquat seeds aren't germinating. What should I do?

• A: Ensure the seeds are viable and have undergone proper scarification. Check that the soil is consistently moist but not soggy, and that the temperature and light conditions are optimal.

Q: My loquat seedlings are leggy and weak.

• A: This usually indicates insufficient light. Move the seedlings to a brighter location with more indirect sunlight.

Q: My loquat tree is not producing fruit.

• A: Loquats often take several years to bear fruit. Ensure your tree is receiving adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients. Cross-pollination with another loquat variety can sometimes improve fruit production.

Growing a loquat tree from seed is a rewarding process. While it may take time and patience, the fruits of your labor (literally!) will be delicious and homegrown loquats. Remember to research your local climate and soil conditions to ensure your loquat tree thrives.